Ịdọrọ oghere - a na-etinye apịtị oghere na reel (ya bụ, na wiil), na ike nke ntụgharị ntụgharị a na-eji aka abụọ dọpụta apịtị ahụ n'ụdị a chọrọ, nke bụ usoro omenala nke mmepụta ceramics na China, a na-akpọkwa usoro a billet. A na-emepụta diski, ọkwá na ihe ndị ọzọ gburugburu site na usoro ịse ihe efu.
Ọkpụite ejiri aka see
Billet - mgbe oghere a dọtara na-adị ntakịrị, a na-etinye ya na reel ma were mma kpụzie ya ka ọ dị mma, dị arọ na ọbụna, a na-akpọ usoro a billet.
Ngwunye ụkwụ - mgbe a dọkpụrụ ngwá ọrụ gburugburu oghere, a na-ahapụ ihe mgbaru ọsọ apịtị dị sentimita 3 n'ogologo, mgbe ahụ, a na-egwu ala ala nke ụgbọ mmiri na-egwu ala n'ime ụkwụ ala, a na-akpọ usoro a.
Ụlọ ihe mkpuchi ụrọ â usoro ochie nke ịkpụzi ite. Mgbe a na-eme ya, a na-ebu ụzọ tụgharịa apịtị ahụ n'ime ogologo ogologo, wee malite site na ala ruo n'elu dị ka ihe achọrọ nke ọdịdị ahụ si dị, mgbe ahụ, a na-eji aka ma ọ bụ ngwá ọrụ dị mfe na-edozi n'ime na n'èzí iji mee ka ọ bụrụ arịa. Ihe e ji kpụọ ite n’ụzọ dị otú a na-ahapụkarị ihe diski apịtị dị n’ahụ́ mgbidi dị n’ime.
Usoro wheel - usoro nke na-eme ceramics na wheeled wheel, isi ihe bụ a osisi gburugburu wheel, e nwere a vetikal aro n'okpuru wheel, ala njedebe nke vetikal aro na-eli n'ime ala, na e nwere a hub na-ikwado ntughari nke wheel. N'iji ike ntụgharị nke wiilịgharị, jiri aka abụọ dọpụta apịtị ahụ ka ọ bụrụ ọdịdị achọrọ. Usoro ntụgharị ahụ malitere na njedebe Neolithic Dawenkou omenala, ihe ndị e mepụtara na-adịkwa n'ụdị mgbe niile na otu n'ogo.
Ịkwụghachi azụ â usoro nke igba egbe poselin. A na-etinye achịcha nkuku ma ọ bụ ájá dị mma na-eguzogide okpomọkụ n'ime igbe ahụ, a na-asakwa arịa ndị ahụ n'ụzọ nkịtị, nke a na-akpọ azụ azụ.
Otu esi agbakọ gaskets triangular na usoro azụ azụ
Ikpokọta â usoro nke igba egbe poselin. Ya bụ, a na-achịkọta ọtụtụ ngwa ahịa ọnụ ma kpọọ ya ọkụ, a na-ekesakwa arịa ndị ahụ n'ebe dị iche iche iji kpochie ihe ndị ahụ gbara ọkụ. Enwere ike ikewa ya na:
(1) Ikpokọta ntu, a na-eji usoro a eme ihe n'oge ochie;
(2) Mgbawa gburugburu alaka ụlọ ọrụ, dị ka ebe a na-ekwo ekworo;
(3) Na-ekpuchi ma ọ bụ na-ekpochapụ glaze stacking, ya bụ, na-ekpochapụ okirikiri nke glaze n'ime obi nke ngwa ahụ (ọtụtụ efere na efere), wee kpochapụ gburugburu glaze site na arịa ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, na-etinyekwa ala ụkwụ (unglazed) nke stacked ware na ya, n'ozuzu banyere 10val nke ngwaahịa oyi akwa na nke a Layer Layer.
Ịfefe â usoro nke igba egbe poselin. Ya bụ, a na-ekpuchi poselin ma sie ya n'ime igbe nwere mgbanaka nkwado ma ọ bụ ihe nkwado trapezoidal barrel, nke malitere n'oge usoro egwu ugwu ma na-ejikwa ya na usoro Qingbai porcelain kiln na Jingdezhen na mpaghara ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ. Uru ndị dị elu bụ mkpụrụ na obere nrụrụ; Ọdịmma ya bụ na ọnụ arịa ahụ enweghị glazed, nke na-adịghị mma iji.
Ịkụ anụ anaghị eri anụ - na-ezo aka na ceramics nke kwesịrị ịgbanye ugboro abụọ, ya bụ, buru ụzọ banye n'ime ọkụ ahụ iji kpoo oghere na obere okpomọkụ (ihe dịka 750 ~ 950 Celsius C), nke a na-akpọ onye anaghị eri anụ, mgbe ahụ, gbanyeghachi ọzọ n'ime kiln ka ọkụ. Ọ nwere ike ịbawanye ike nke ahụ ndụ ndụ ndụ ma melite ọnụego eziokwu.
Astringent okirikiri - tupu akwakọba oghere nke oghere ahụ, a na-ekpochapụ ihe dị n'ime arịa ahụ gburugburu glaze, ebe a na-adịghị enyo enyo bụ nke a na-akpọ "astringent Circle", bụ nke a ma ama na usoro ndị eze Jin na Yuan.
Dip glaze - Dipped glaze bụ otu n'ime usoro glazing seramiiki, nke a makwaara dị ka "dipping glaze". A na-emikpu ahụ ahụ na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na glaze ruo oge ụfọdụ wee wepụ ya, a na-eji mmịnye mmiri nke akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ mee ka mgbịrịgba glaze rapara na oghere. A na-achịkwa ọkpụrụkpụ nke oyi akwa glaze site na ntinye mmiri nke oghere, ntinye nke slurry glaze, na oge maceration. Ọ bụ adabara glazing oké taya ahu na iko na efere ngwaahịa.
Glaze ịfụ - bụ otu n'ime ụzọ glazing ọdịnala na China. Na-ekpuchi ya na tube bamboo na yarn dị mma, tinye na glaze ma jiri ọnụ gị gbuo ya, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke glaze na-adabere na arịa ahụ, ruo ugboro 17 ~ 18, dị ka oge 3 ~ 4. Uru ya na-eme ka glaze n'ime arịa ahụ bụrụ otu ma na-agbanwe agbanwe, na usoro a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka nnukwu arịa, taya dị mkpa na ngwaahịa glazed. Ọ bụ ọsụ ụzọ na Jingdezhen na Ming Dynasty.
Glazing - usoro glazing maka nnukwu ihe, bụ otu n'ime usoro glazing ọdịnala na China. Jide nnukwu efere ma ọ bụ ngaji n'aka nke ọ bụla, kpachie mado glaze, ma wunye ya n'ahụ ndụ ndụ ndụ.
Glaze - otu n'ime ụzọ glazing ọdịnala na China. N'oge a na-arụ ọrụ, a na-awụsa glaze na-egbuke egbuke n'ime oghere ahụ, wee maa jijiji, nke mere na elu na ala aka ekpe na aka nri na-egbuke egbuke nke ọma, a na-awụpụkwa glaze na-egbuke egbuke, usoro a kwesịrị ekwesị maka karama, ite na ngwaọrụ ndị ọzọ.
Ibi akwụkwọ â usoro eji achọ mma maka seramiki. A na-ebipụta echiche nke e ji ihe ịchọ mma chọọ mma n'ahụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ mgbe ọ ka akpọnwụbeghị, ya mere aha ahụ. N'oge oge opupu ihe ubi na oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ na agha, a na-eji ite a na-ebi akwụkwọ eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe, na kemgbe ahụ, ọ ghọwo otu n'ime usoro ihe ịchọ mma omenala nke ceramik na China. Ding kiln ebipụta poselin nke usoro usoro egwu bụ onye nnọchi anya kacha.
Scratching - a ji achọ usoro nke poselin. Jiri ngwa a kapịrị ọnụ ka akara ahịrị na oghere poselin iji chọọ ụkpụrụ ahụ mma, yabụ aha ya. Ọ tolitere na usoro ndị eze egwu, nwere okooko osisi, nnụnụ, ihe oyiyi, dragons na phoenixes.
Ịkpụ ihe - usoro eji achọ mma nke poselin. Jiri mma wepụta ụkpụrụ ịchọ mma n'ime oghere oghere, yabụ aha a. A na-eji ike dị ukwuu mara ya, na ahịrị dị omimi na mbara karịa ọrịa strok. Ọ gara n'ihu n'usoro ndị eze egwu ma bụrụkwa onye ama ama maka ihe osise ifuru a pịrị apị nke ụlọ Yaozhou dị n'ebe ugwu.
Ịhọrọ ifuru - usoro eji achọ mma nke poselin. N'elu oghere oghere ebe a na-ese ụkpụrụ ahụ, a na-ewepụ akụkụ nke ọzọ na-abụghị ụkpụrụ ahụ iji mee ka ụkpụrụ ahụ dị mgbagwoju anya, ya mere aha ya. Ọ malitere na ugwu Cizhou kiln usoro na Song Dynasty, na agba aja aja okooko osisi dị ka ndị kasị pụrụ iche. N'ime oge Jin Yuan, ebe a na-adọba mmiri na Shanxi na-ewu ewu nke ukwuu, ifuru ojii na-egbuke egbuke pụrụ iche.
Pearl Ground Scratching â usoro eji achọ mma. N'elu oghere oghere a kpụrụ akpụ, oghere ahụ juputara n'ụdị pearl dị mma na nke siri ike, yabụ aha ahụ, malite na Tang Henan Mi County kiln, usoro egwu egwu Henan, Hebei, Shanxi porcelain kilns, ngwaahịa Henan Dengfeng bụ ihe pụrụ iche.
Appliqué - usoro eji achọ mma maka ceramik. N'iji ịkpụzi ma ọ bụ igwakorita na ụzọ ndị ọzọ, a na-eme ụdị dị iche iche site na ụrọ taya, wee mado ya na ahụ ndụ ndụ, ya mere aha ya. Appliqués agba aja aja na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ nke usoro ndị eze Tang na ájá ájá, yana ịchọ mma Tang Sancai appliqués sitere na kilns nke Gongxian County, Henan, bụ ndị ama ama.
Akwụkwọ ịkpụ appliqué - usoro eji achọ mma maka poselin. Ịkpụcha akwụkwọ bụ nka ọdịnala ọdịnala na China, nke na-atụgharị ụkpụrụ ịkpụ akwụkwọ ka ọ bụrụ ihe ịchọ mma, yabụ aha a. Ihe mbụ Jizhou kiln na Jiangxi Province na Song Dynasty, na nwa-glazed teapot, mma na plum okooko osisi, osisi epupụta, phoenixes, butterflies na ndị ọzọ ụkpụrụ, na-ịcha akwụkwọ mmetụta dị ịrịba ama, na ike obodo àgwà.
Ụrọ etemeete â ụzọ isi chọọ agba taya ahụ mma. Iji kwụọ ụgwọ maka mmetụta nke agba nke taya poselin ahụ, a na-etinye akwa akwa ụrọ na-acha ọcha na taya ahụ oghere iji mee ka ụkwụ ahụ dị nro ma na-acha ọcha, iji mee ka agba nke glaze dịkwuo mma, ụrọ ụrọ ejiri mee usoro a ka a na-akpọ ụrọ ịchọ mma. Ụrọ ịchọ mma malitere na Western Jin Dynasty na Wuzhou kiln celadon na Zhejiang, a na-eji poselin ọcha nke ugwu eme ihe na usoro ndị Sui na Tang, na iji Cizhou kiln porcelain na usoro Song bụkwa ihe a na-emekarị, karịsịa ụdị ihe ọkụkụ na-ejikarị eme ihe.
Ịchọ ọla edo - usoro ịchọ mma nke ceramik. A na-ese ya na ceramik na ọla edo wee gbaa ya ọkụ, ya mere aha ya. Dynasty Song Ding Kiln nwere nchọta ọla edo na-acha ọcha na ọla edo na-acha odo odo, yana dịka akwụkwọ si kwuo, Dynasty Song Ding Kiln "jiri ihe ọ juiceụụ galik tee ya na ọla edo". Kemgbe ahụ, a hụla ihe osise ọla edo na Liao, Jin, Yuan, Ming na Qing poselin.
Ụkwụ ígwè na-acha odo odo - ihe eji achọ mma nke poselin. Ụfọdụ iche nke Southern Song Dynasty official kiln, heirloom kiln na Song Dynasty Longquan kiln, n'ihi na ọkpụkpụ nwa ebu n'afọ nwere nnukwu ígwè ọdịnaya, mgbe ọkụ na a mbenata ikuku, glaze nke ọnụ nke arịa eruba n'okpuru mmiri, na nwa ebu n'afọ na-acha odo odo mgbe glaze oyi akwa bụ mkpa; Akụkụ ahụ ekpughere n'ụkwụ bụ ígwè-oji, nke a na-akpọ "ụkwụ ígwè na-acha odo odo".
Waya waya ọla edo - ihe eji achọ mma nke poselin. Heirloom kiln poselin, n'ihi na dị iche iche mgbasa ọnụọgụ nke taya glaze n'oge égbè, Nleta glazed oghe iberibe, nnukwu ọka iberibe na-egosi nwa, obere ọka iberibe-egosi edo edo, otu nwa na otu odo, ya bụ, ihe a na-akpọ "gold waya ígwè waya".
Imeghe - n'ihi ọnụọgụ mgbasawanye dị iche iche nke taya na-egbuke egbuke n'oge ịgba égbè, ụdị nke Song Dynasty official kilns, heirloom kilns na Longquan kilns nwere njirimara mepere emepe. Mgbe usoro ndị Song gasịrị, Jingdezhen kilns nwekwara ihe nṅomi na-ere ọkụ.
Ribs - ihe eji achọ mma nke poselin. Southern Song Dynasty Longquan kiln celadon, akụkụ ụfọdụ nke mmepụta nke ibe protruding, mgbe glazing na glaze bụ karịsịa mkpa, agba bụ ìhè, iche, ya bụ, a na-akpọ ribs.
Earthworm na-eje ije ụkpụrụ apịtị - ihe na-egbuke egbuke nke poselin. Mgbe oghere poselin ahụ na-egbuke egbuke ma kpọọ nkụ, oyi akwa na-emepụta ihe mgbawa, na glaze na-asọpụta n'oge a na-agba egbe iji mechie mgbawa ahụ, na-ebute akara ndị fọdụrụ mgbe earthworm na-esi na apịtị pụọ, ya mere aha ahụ. Ọ bụ ihe pụrụ iche nke Jun kiln poselin na Yu County, Henan Province na usoro usoro egwu.
Ụkpụrụ nshịkọ â njiri mara mma nke poselin. N'ihi ịchafụ nke arịa ndị ahụ, nnukwu glaze na-adaba na-etolite n'ọdịdị ndị fọdụrụ mgbe anya mmiri gasịrị, ya mere aha ahụ, nke bụ otu n'ime ihe e ji mara poselin ọcha na Ding kiln nke usoro ndị eze egwu.
Jomon - otu n'ime ihe eji achọ mma nke ite Neolithic. Akpọrọ ya aha n'ihi na a na-eme ụkpụrụ ahụ ka eriri eriri a kpara akpa. A na-eji ite ite ụrọ kechie ma ọ bụ nke e ji ụkpụrụ eriri kanye ihe n’ite oghere nke na-amịbeghị, ma mgbe agbachara, a na-ahapụ ụkpụrụ Jomon n’elu arịa ahụ.
Ụkpụrụ geometric - otu n'ime ihe eji achọ mma nke ceramik. Isi ihe, ahịrị, na elu na-etolite ọnụ ọgụgụ geometric dị iche iche mgbe niile, yabụ aha a. Dị ka ụkpụrụ triangle, ụkpụrụ grid, ụkpụrụ checkered, ụkpụrụ zigzag, ụkpụrụ okirikiri, ụkpụrụ diamond, ụkpụrụ zigzag, ụkpụrụ égbè eluigwe, ụkpụrụ azụ, wdg.
